Diese und viele andere drängende ökologische Fragen versuchen Wissenschaftler seit rund 40 Jahren dadurch zu beantworten, dass sie am Computer mit Modellen solche Nahrungsnetze simulieren. Als Grundlage hierfür verwenden sie Daten, die in realistischen Artengemeinschaften aus den unterschiedlichsten Ökosystemen erhoben wurden: ob in der Arktis oder der Wüste, ob im
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