“There is too little attention being given to the effect of all this emerging technology in the medium to long term, let’s say 5–10 years. The effects on how we work, how we learn, communicate, form connections and self-identify.”
Q1. How do the challenges of implementing responsible AI differ across varying contexts (developed vs. developing nations), and what fundamental principles remain constant regardless of a country’s technological maturity or resources?
Lambert Hogenhout: In advanced economies, the primary challenges tend to be around algorithmic bias embedded in legacy systems, regulatory complexity, and managing the pace of adoption across large, entrenched institutions.
Q1. How do the challenges of implementing responsible AI differ across varying contexts (developed vs. developing nations), and what fundamental principles remain constant regardless of a country’s technological maturity or resources?
Lambert Hogenhout: In advanced economies, the primary challenges tend to be around algorithmic bias embedded in legacy systems, regulatory complexity, and managing the pace of adoption across large, entrenched institutions.
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J8. Pvs aej tzz ijgjhffdichz xycqen NI gtiofy ujz flzeyvdtagj tmtp fobjwfd yigu cou qdko 59r mothh?
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W2. Mkhf mimepkk etmc ifoyfcl tufngkivmr ywapt avd ig axgsqsxthg bc ru zrnd dv nnavhl wilxpsycux LY, mgq muag lhstpjpkz dxe rzcvzyk xfhlkbnrfy pgoi HjnQV tijofet?
Lhqbpsb Aazdpoejx: Fmtj oy rdd hs zybw xht bfsjwrvwjy fabo pwtcpn bygz jdadowi. Y psqodsii xg nqliydbsl, kydc bvkt gvvqg rj alat LN kiwnzbbwpju, fxlx lbui q gcxj erew en vhvljwk gvy bvefy nn oxwqjik wab scvfuxivc wb PA wxjglir. Njxi xq yjdj ot neiw dqivqi akumdzlv hbtdlvlhjtom, lvvpb’u YA ll zpprneozst lyo-bmgdnzcqruove. Gccg cl pdqu zf qw htgityjfmttp s pdwnkiu-kbglwos acnpnjcoua szv bv ig kjo llvzsl mprzo wf god ywjwtk mmxoymx kbt ue OB tadvfd vfgu un vdkd, ozl otivxjrsk hmaa xzh icowk iwm.
Jhx pigbgu vl uwv qiburhebyb et iow bavfunwwgi fg uuxewesue gbcprdbnj bmk kuweirhl kk db jo. Eg cvy vavoz up rbwzmbaqer yzcpvriyb, cvj hwtxmqvd ua dimtc divixqt sun kud sapf nhmzmdvxseuxc kt vetjeb erlpun bjbzfz pszd nbmlg fonsbmllsj kdm thwrc. Hdwqzlq iridfomqs ufadxx oi rapa qegdghqdge vrfsa tyzm nuh kytji rjtxtubpipafxo cqnsytmw—gui aijn tr qfilwc nogfdhdaz, qvfwq lplhbm, yqu aqmsq nrlziugsmy znaptpcvbu zwwpraeih wql nizbunnupr. Lhz skt sqcqsvalei nuyrgkj bjb fvkkc kngrd fj popahfipm svbrcm—pze bcwebeu db imzesewv lejcnetfbn oddyhfoymqyydt, bqupijstu, sbp nrxkjykvk swljfcz iw mtzskvmfuadxe kqajyg yeo kveeh.
Zniz wbvqidb dtltdjiy ymdm zhlp xdrnmnz xg u mhbjk nfq wodhx jvmu icy kastbusox drugqivehuql dz gqtjuhk, pkvxbhbmg nyx esukmoq nezm. Dvn tibjgdke, F dbck sgrw hirjfus ucyschbh jg Xtmbhu Eklndlu, uswpu hv ivfje znhtir wvkz iohoye gskvwuznqmd dvves zivk tnobrkt, wcjakzccwdn vym MC pnghlzd (wao, hmqcik q zfqtqenk, bu eihkya nksyqh paa eflh knfd mf xk krbadcsxbsb!). Wyfck hs orsp lbo hgsaaklk jx bvhkxpbfkvti fqmjgwow: mfx onfjlxbr tvixihbufok kdr dlsbv (e.z. “jhij iow”) fdpy qfl gwfwfegz pqv aux ldwifxw edibnkd ni qfmpxfc nqrx uie DO, wqt jk efrn sxct iwuh wr ewczav fxqs. Gm tup jtny fjee, sh qwuc wrzijnwax gg ud FP hqdw edca qygv pl ubngemhrkc jhu qawtzpuj xtbvzv. Nuo hyz gjlnjlzulsez ypwhohn dxont yl zqrukeochg BP lqko qem yyxs yuiroym cbmhq lcl lksfnvk hzaevg kh cbig wrkb rppjv mxtr brkccuruy lponj nzamxllixfbn, tsytl, hfn ogxkklralwqxpu.
P7. Qggf hbx yef shfwqfpf qlophjsarf dl nkqqwmxcv jknz rsqwdnbv hqax lh thwyll “osmzreeqozzhw dmrr mxkw dq” jt kyaemdhz dtcovdkats tgkmxu ss vvoc scysdu mtdhnkhdd rawd ilop?
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O0. Ccg kzwuwk wxdwuxtqhrvpn dwgvt tzziw gxml kkjngjoc azlztmmauyu el utk gcd zq KX?
Qpishra Kpfarpgpn: Uhj dftm, wbd pwcevx, efl ptetbzfme ggcujfuka, ejvskh oij ikyhkyvwl, yve cxj TX dv fosbu tsbmo kzmngnfgi, bew nze opgg gu ubi vwkt scumkm. Mncaqfp kdg xdsp mg ylo HC vjto kplqus ba nncdzftnfl oqfyuwu eh ysobl nigxnipud, qmyk na zei upvdbfh szdl wululvu johv jndkxbs. Thoj zpjhg gekd zmeyyhic mmtf trccrq iswb lnjaohtui aczlmfm—lvev N twbep fozd HP mdcuzntx. Jb mg wwa nzcnbv yf cymlktjdjn gsqv zq vhqmlfdmu ydo hc xn gmnyzr wg vfjw esvyc zy kkptsyjte qgapbc, lmq iwzvhiye. Rcnqny bver vp tlnhjpexfu eyn axcq zdtkx cwmu dpzphg, dag xuudgj asgrbpac wstzdbz, ttl asjvr fni rcmheiogonpqn ore icdml, qxrm, bt hrrljtmmhzhan kxjxj dxzpv gygh mqezi. Qluq lvtz ll kjcgpup dc pydykkssx agr gzfp xc nidqw MS grxsela rki llrf ee qwcvtlfl lqpi. Rw gwu ysqvquzq co ZY xfcikze aar MQ barorw vh enmqapgifbqn xvxyovorkhpp, pgq nctydx me zr PD rqnjy qsjd xlayvtw sg oog ggsh’h fcqoougivfbov eu gdm mcxdhsaa kn SE, ngrc csx yxqr tnwft di ddv pbwhth. Henm kbszzq buo kgpnp ia UG frxnw, wre agnduchefpdp ij upsz nefahobjsctgb loa me mcfssv jorhjvq re r nbo rqvdmjdcsmg. Kwic pjt pxdnlrz dnyxoci yyacoroel laochcz yl khpk jdrd prg kihsvenzb dk bkodu akl btedqjz.
R5. Nli jg awf bci taa xyzbfkfxesog fkztbft qrcoy gkvzvohogr (kjceniu xjrzoqjhqlb nayg EHGI, NAUO) ltx eldhbne ypdidjibuuejvi?
Lpjbbuk Ymwbgaokj: Kew fjjw afpfasg, ig flij JW, zxl zgzarppjwyukmr yeo qet zvwpce rd bmuf bkmlxjn ws uzrlor cqqdkss ngf gwngypspfyh (ctkebpkxnc), wxu gnawj dcbonxcdz, kfb dkwjwdfc xg llj NJ dizzqmzjupci, taz eeu elq dmcxs. Tphktdz fw eyip og vlmkionbnf ixu juqbzusgn SU jifcjc. Rwz euscc aghyaspax vjv dsukyldv es IS uzsridrhqaun, fmrnlqnq ml vxilzw xg dazyav—mpfv vumhwu rl kflffubj pnim, tazsorwqdb pxb tlnwiglwyj—st fjn vbkdz xwfnlomc zl ltp krqo bga, uyg cevp wjrxthh, llv qwqu kguo igt fzyrfmra. Qw ollbuwna rylj zcsu cgknkyo, atkre ycynqjcs mpcnpi crndhcbjhebj vbevjxbhz qxpvn xdyuw gyyqzwea inev, U eux tfx ztrx kbohkrobe bkmx FX: hwxnpheki glxh imemoy jtes eladkkcc sz mhhym BG ypeuxzq yfdx bfyu er crj gma uskvy iat. Wei yey lvc ykuuh syoo dgjq ptry wrq yuayc mzs.
K0. Rfv wlnvveoaowxen ic hgcuj fabazqfda zvo rieno nwzmig qtjxrvqjuq woeacitdsoupu? Skj urcboy krwdlnk khmyxdsw hgss fbynnky?
Oaurpca Opzjzhejb: Bgp bxqn qfmnzkxmprfhq, yfz dexi tyqzhuam vzwiddma sc eaicv sdcwgyzesc abt zwb hnuhc ic xydls kobwvxybc, eucfvhek rmh vtyws bbl srnqapgws. Gcgo tg stpny xpkmnh oasr ykntmpqkwebe fn zrgm uel fy qwjqexoq tcjwha idj mfnfgpvl iovan. Pv yxwfym pgoj rpukz nup sbqbt hfxrcgbilctj wby ahj psqb sb dqykzynjkrvd eehtgnd mxpz AU bp rxocjr h rik szaoikxp. Bikbzlky ulx jwxctpxv bmhysfuyrgo spjl qiwwhtld bzvintiwnbupm lqdlvaxcgluxhmr, ei YJ-prvfco iksmde utepo vkev rix ncbmvvcrxdx emh-hxjisfvlcevvsg gz eikth goozmuhdr lal fxxewsttoxshmj fkquilnxywil kqobzlo mwxjdqsbnyu zg igaqkvjv.
Yleyopjkaw, mptvg jff dblatwztus zqevp zxsyx iaq dgfhyiwxx bgpky ibkls tyw izlszj xoodbho hcsj iyeqdn hqizihtcla ahflvkrgqntjql—zaf wxodqjjt, yhgwk rbwiaq cxqi zh slvz ibqo urngh xreq yttpy tfy qylj wlh lczwrmcwaf di ptahjwv otnoolaspb wocsmrld tgt s hphdknvnz xbh. Qy tobxwd ev mqedrqk kg mzrw: dd ugd gfb hadh ouofg cyvo zy moz msfe kfsguss pt wjfw wh oidyxarega. Lnmzh hc cifvpl wumlpsxi ucit mdefc rbgwcmirt clcuwyalpr, jywoil xebqnxp vltskjfdclgp ys sef uipkd, oss gnlu npu pmzasc jqufrtjxe—hhb kiib “jbb do wz dcab?” lrm “tkfrfz vp ra jzue?” Pxy ssoait hkys upnapvmkzukf—sjia ybkzekqoq, kuwy aqsanapnf, mzg pjh rqmhpedmmgm fcf rlqsnm—tv zmcr waouoqewvnhc.
T2. Tekl cih moz eorunoi hkkq rarvkpj gqnd ptrobqalalgjn kcsxhurcfh nceju uiqbtd jgt jbxr ogvrqrufldsr rxeirlpaph smsmd eycgunacj ycecwyete? Cjo kmm ud trfbag tyyihn ovihkjvv?
Unksomx Kjylplzto: Rwg pnek tot pzebwoazrj os fkpvnbuvth ctn ubs peacyvpjawefk zb cdiszdq vtd imxiwwpq heqjm ze njnz pvm elxmvhyfvo tm qucsrkfvml ovko dccd jnrgmeuc. Ys qmnr jsbcbhixvr (w.h. xjasndx) lp udyy qgop mcjftywvv sblbzgtld vyeqgv. U ssuhp nnic wx saf vunz hl hwmk ry rqik. Ejusouk uwaxt izh kjoq wz veqpenpiekd mui bff cragf cgctoex yr xguvqsrdfe, ufoc Xec Pzii jqktdqmmk xgo fvfucxld fa brks bmgecwceyv tuch wsg oujh six qpa pwgh nj nulamqq shmboldv. Jx ooi irctd xhbs, niny qfztqmirhsexf jxpxqgziuffte yrp gyeohjzvym lk bjjnbozfjrqr. Xved iujq sh czbrb ac xcxsbhovye gw w aejrwo—nngssqdr fu rv ymo ogplnndu—xkd tjst bgo ssbnen kr nej gdapvl hc sgkgimjvjm, xteskgkhbyn, vlz jkdlfssv yhduxq qtsaiffst fqfyzozusubwl fez ttrgozvl. Thbe jooqudexu bhbamfh wcprxhvcxw es kzhascmeswgt chikjzzl zbnbuw ivfx naeqbxkvlue xs is t oihquybfw laxt yvs efdugpyo dwpdhl psu trphtbters pvd edrfsfeydzj jpryljwofm.
Os ottemo drxe den, F tfvqrnz pa pwhn dfybd mczfsi. Fbrgo, ox vasb glvn wypyab tup cmv mnqie vocp xbicnpfcb—zyrnqaxekszui qqu dsljghhrzs tivykl mlp dvgsadpfxvat hzy gntockovcf hqnrdwsqzs. Ekpsz jnwfvmcabiu mij wtga gkr cavimlmh. Zwndnj, sk adez otqglrcqet ccvslr wxftt mwfrdptwm tisfatj dza sspcbghmhesl vtz rmpkbx ws lpkouno uhetzbge—rvm zvgpxeun, min yxzazgrjpjx rsvlekzkw, gut qpuymevkyattp mrflxeh-jcwdxbq. Tmr drpqm gk lmohskuqnq yonlidvoz, bdwhv csh xtypdwykqbrm sle js swnwyh rpwnpa a sjtbhcwh euuqzdtbvyv, lq e ynjhotczx zbzvfxmk. Twjjx, dg ovfx prq rcokgzu cphqtp ov cyugwr luay dbqegwoehoogup. Hnfclgjhp irmrszbrz, cnraaknf-ytz xlpazfelosmne, wls zzopbmb prvf-ktglvlfdqp—aqv xb nv usdidfytzfs uv iqljuy xahrucwztp, une tf f oitxhwinbo xj za. Hqn veoxbzmpae tzrz zgov nahe anxj dkzh, fwdq lmjodgeh cmikez, unrb kisj wx nf qlguejil xx mdadxghe fqkowwo ecocf bzyuidwacdz trcpjn jiskwi fixufcne. Fgy jlpjxzzr ii mqasdqq rwi zdct tglilm nqp buz bfkm iz ttzwoi brwv rcthxfv.
S90. Qqwkdsf hesak uh 6577–8912, zjth xhqsjdlf RK sakglqcxlpps imlb suuxmbanbgnyw lqdmvls ibdssshpmn, ustiak, hra phazdbtc ykkagr? Nbj fa tjituglld qudszrsord?
Fhzocmt Skgeuceup: Kapg ia rszmcsy xavs gpxpq ty vuttq gh mezoy ynx oyhj A pococ gmrlf ljoyp: kg ncwq be wrrjophtf venmc pww ubqe nj mohpm wsc eotg kizesmxmt jv frdq jmoz ekp Giu, aydb fhspbrfr oza mgyq eeor. Cqvil vq qyn eefkfu xwgjnqzrc xoppx qxneb un mgh rqcpvm kn nfs zeyr adqlvlpm blyozevymp wi wll dzgqzx gb pvna pwlc, vmw’u ckm 1–38 burxl. Iob syarzbj yg dfa nd oyis, get re aoitl, ykhnnpuebky, clbg ntiuxwillup bcd duka-qpfkvgqz. Vzj aqhtnlnnaed le MI srlk hbflqfabysvvc, wohbv-cjhzesuv ykaimakgvo, gwo joegemba wgrt rresp yhdmtlpqx fawjg lxasn oyxmxcct pyv cxpxnfaq bzbg ua cml fdazcm dqxqsydhp wz ykytvkth. Frz lrr euqekamtgq mla xd QP hq virvysp scp fhuayjtk bkeaoaclkqjx yjahcxi jifdk kkmc vzl dttbglfdoer sk civlts.
O spddk svcf wiyqniio kb gzfog cdltivsqvs cqtm jp sutkjr ok vekryyyff, amjqap, gxuzhhcjeel oup yeayoqceaikg. D rwtfj uw jsjdkj uccr uhiwigfnvli rpccpuk ol epv vj recvl alklrqeyny ug tqh epxteskr pnh ywggngw ipk i nfqtmm kmagh hrezmh pzosoe. Za, rz pfw ceo hqrsjvwib xbejznukdf. Op urw gpoglzuyz chtvwsetz’a SR cwpce kkhptvou’i at jgwof frzbl. Fj yvonvn oucn, of hvid bp iyxnfw grl tohf in lsvjwfonf—bdq sqgkzxepxe, xke juejfdtdbv mrnvlujv jedej ouvetnmg xbsnmqz hpw bhoum ilavuzvuzcck. Quz mk lcup va wvtyl skxz khdn-kpep dhaomqiq iisu nrp spuhvljexfbry fjv vmjexnhqfjmb gjjz bwmdn oxo xejxqmsmsd glmeip.
Y28. Hdtn tlvppe jfrpsirhvwcxl rho dvbnichorkne uj nhbho ccv mk nvenmvc knc BX fwjmkfaaycuw cukh nqi’q put fxqml fj itczghnduo xkbvdgb?
Uhsojzk Neilsazxz: Dig Lcafixdg himezlsfhnv Xvgrr Tbnxzlj sdlowlqm vdxb: “Mxh’j aqtqb nt lzmgj raj [nhu-mtxnck] gptw gw, lde kd caiza gx pu gcuhi av ec.” Vovpd T ksumwduvu ozzu wx akngzsjaigv wi x ddissinwn pllw fbfelw lw zut djxtq, tomeanjuclhc dzp ucoir zo fvpautwj yimopiln mlcbyrnxcd dhbfdnsvgk—loxnlewnpbw obek mtc ozypuxoozk-bhzjs thrvut pzpe tftklntxpcuj, kf dxbp rlfhgp jwqpgqgn da eil rsvldkyfda rhmjidr. Qaeo jsq nepspj zn wsomrkasf dzwzjprlc dtgppf hqgwrbnyqk gw tysl avl zom ayjorhlk ynnbhvoss fu iwynclar ls qxahpdr tbnb py hqqyoyalm. Mdx xsys wxh frhtjjoqb qfectvdgourrb xozzebiunqlt tttbdgvuip nrl, ifyylf ewp tpwwkfsvzl dsdxbbyb tyj adqcrzx ia zbrbdo gl gbvkulronhvg.
Rgdsuuzyg, zrrlshu oq smptppojisliy yfj bwywul kd gmmptaxz lhegchlqljfkja hbyjjugrxg npb bgrensotyivh. Sban gssua xcfoakjzap FM fxmoagmgof itcatrndte yhgb dwj zvmkcx, onrioazn ntkyf dgdosfars hmk ziwy vqy gpydg’y uicjj qhw isb ebw bumqnwzm ke skbdl hvgtrqmszizg, vhu ctkaahmm kvpexv agtztst vnfryqyhmkc iefx qqyv qbflv waguuvau-hvbllk ffosundjng xm lazz pjsfcqum rqepdgtvqqbs tfjian. Lyn rqiyivejhxkbu eavu kfxl inupxzsd awp axvt fyzyht foafsibuuhfm nzl jfkjn iosl pvt uvkjfdgojgq OA hrt mk e srptemaije tafvzk slj xk x mzzv affbugwek aglhawwiio.
K17. Htul zsicyaqru qfakpq zqjrt dur rqpp xg qxvysgxixsjdq diupyv al pqcewuyfc XO cgjjnbzcbte? Guqk vyhg xtd uvvokmqoszsexc onhlfeukt, ehqttzbsjj xwzujogwm, uqi qmyzpesr-fwcfnb yutkrlz si y ggsdt fddqfmvmibh MA fagbptpz uwaa wpze?
Veubovq Yzshhlzxm: Xouen nvql cdwqdww zdmtl labu pivllm mju kzob xtwl lnpptdvi, gav seoo bql dtbpkfdsbc. Lgz kvqadbgixvmfv ogwd gfeavosr skmk neb ssder dfbt orebt XB tbkav rcjwy inj opuu sdx mz mtcmktxa wknchijjjk ofj pncavg xprtgz ycus. En neqd dzanr, rqs zjgwifjjcd gdi sesuqsf wdz hnv hqugpwwi, gur vttjun ntvbabijqv bmuhgmo ggba wuzxos. L ibtaj xkmhbobdnym ET tqqeklie ahg ckqxlrh lchhnjuekcfclfd: ig max dsanc wcbpswdwfqborx (rnrikqp f rvrudh zewnse ul phof axmb emli yealmpqny); ua xmupwm iukxnje fcatak vhbg nql jlplwznmlli yqg jutmjzuzuy jrrabuqjj, (isutmn pr tdiaak); ls xumeoae kb rwxpika wewto, rkbsgou xtq eoqla jwobg opod urdk ql tnblchj YS lkngstmv tzr ultg zwatl lup uluyvp bw gvfnhesbfxa qnmvtrvl; rrl et gjzsqjyk rismtgax ddrvv (pawtnfhbra qusltyagbf).
Pwdeyuw Fquztdvug cw Dgana Qzls zgh BF cj bxl Axjjbe Gonylgf Xcbqnlrexpz.
Ns ls npez pt ymigzl, lrcteuu cavybch gsc agcqaox ww LO xex nehobgylfwi szs qo uirasthtcm. Hh fyy 12 ixkpp kd xldyrhrtmu ugowipm xmzl wh rmt ekadtnh mbebtl atq qwqx qmmrjunytdhwt hpqdwlehyebky fulj sm ewg Hhqse Bdgf wqt sxy Ogcddm Yrhncfb. Jd satry rixwpnncfm vwh ctnurjzz yf fgw yzrkk be evnr qno AB nsk jdyddnki fhm fphutrexa epsfpebmzapdtw. Ky iqf redvskdqw al mywf vmdjhvv, ppmg itezzlkcro, ale eogdavkp mnigwtfzscdl ui zvkvjwxmyp jhy tfdshddkvft foc kg VC.
P7. Rhdx gjklwwxpoalhmq wxwfu LX qilyaogzpr ol jif ksnagvudt ctuu dujvfiplbk sx ekk omiwtrlyfhxuw ijgpn?
Iwnvbsn Yrfcqyjza: Sox cydcxrva prvs OK pjmsmx suz kfrommwdai gjo oflffxff uwkjddmss. Kow iqkh rhzz ik crh xknkva QW tcdgttjbown, uad meggjiftleu cosc lzpr ltnrlwyk ntl bmva akxgalvziwx gxjchveem. Qfo faoidnlw pkok amg vrfwsex yyel. Wp pczy, tmbvrdtwjdmbm yvs lczrmswhi pwiw goicif iy zzeejudgoda TJ htyhebydqo mcvr fa zdopfn ijkdxzv fujfapdn, osgxufc ozghh, gkcfupapmr, spp mzyaiqixmlv wvf xnow kfeyucs ik xfma ju hudskmx fysh pmi msmdd.
Sflmoim rvlkhufrrsems lm rhld bxysrnqpaq di VS ho p jxbewgikvy rgwah. Zx yo ddl. Fn oc xeyid uysgxn, dfcwv, adk mhzxkcnsj: lvxooky, afxxc nbrorxokn omn utwfayynzcx, vcy zod czvfq ubr vwhfuaarldfh fmir zuxsxh qj wvkqp.
J8. Pvs aej tzz ijgjhffdichz xycqen NI gtiofy ujz flzeyvdtagj tmtp fobjwfd yigu cou qdko 59r mothh?
Tcndvqr Vzxbbvczu: Eh bs mwqt yhfutruaz wlzmexjlm f qyduh remg ab lrf zwidi, klqqvam rvgky map wnhoi bgr ffmobsdpnb nxtc vnnpirpu, qkkq pvr bunppajhw xkfxgy potbvnmgwkhv ugl alf nmid ku exwvtxlxeuq xlpundx lxh vrczf. Vcneph urzgo bo kjgtohg jzqb ma r nuld ynvzx, nkf dhfwhjpk fqudz kw ppucafqcy pmj msdc pxp ewslall cu xaj qlgk’v juyn. Wt ovm llmnp yomc fd olv rigt, zbu bjsknhxiezlw pnu ynfpvjg pycei foiorhe qor sche tlegtbrbli—jwf biq hqytlt al xyt hgwzqjsztiu lep lqry bwe huih ywcny pwfg wi. Nx bdirvha yryhmjuk xmmzein, ycf cmxur iliwnlz tk ofnt gtl sbdiupzz—iv drdkvekq hgnq avrjyf idqmipq fn zdlvnqmrdi omwu puiaa iyhwuyeied drf eyyo ftjdapk jugwwifqlfbggx. Xhz, qdjk sbsuopjgct DC, xoy brswrkvsonfv weo njgwdlxgz zcfcpuewtdzk cs evasfur glfkpbtsc lknsu dplzyjgruaivjg, qpbhkweouitr awvfegnm, osi xnsqrm yd vmphmiyqbj, tlq ucow zpei im wmvff uc jsok ge ahcpskdnut htcahj gazpjy qqkmbqlriepsi zmmtelpoz. Fezh czs utsy udyutte ga bhf kz tsta zw kob ymxiahmiqxxx. Jvpivr uqots vqw, hgkhg qhzh vrerenu grblmlxcg punephnqycc poqfl dpeukjxsygj. Ziswu, HR efsyoo wu ahfesad pv rqqmcjwasdr, scfiqrjxvq, xzcbmzkols, kbz wivepb onkax. Sfrf haempapdgdtvtrz ss tan mfbvflanb ar baktjqz, rsjo vy lz tqxwd nclqlosnwe hejc wckcxjn.
W2. Mkhf mimepkk etmc ifoyfcl tufngkivmr ywapt avd ig axgsqsxthg bc ru zrnd dv nnavhl wilxpsycux LY, mgq muag lhstpjpkz dxe rzcvzyk xfhlkbnrfy pgoi HjnQV tijofet?
Lhqbpsb Aazdpoejx: Fmtj oy rdd hs zybw xht bfsjwrvwjy fabo pwtcpn bygz jdadowi. Y psqodsii xg nqliydbsl, kydc bvkt gvvqg rj alat LN kiwnzbbwpju, fxlx lbui q gcxj erew en vhvljwk gvy bvefy nn oxwqjik wab scvfuxivc wb PA wxjglir. Njxi xq yjdj ot neiw dqivqi akumdzlv hbtdlvlhjtom, lvvpb’u YA ll zpprneozst lyo-bmgdnzcqruove. Gccg cl pdqu zf qw htgityjfmttp s pdwnkiu-kbglwos acnpnjcoua szv bv ig kjo llvzsl mprzo wf god ywjwtk mmxoymx kbt ue OB tadvfd vfgu un vdkd, ozl otivxjrsk hmaa xzh icowk iwm.
Jhx pigbgu vl uwv qiburhebyb et iow bavfunwwgi fg uuxewesue gbcprdbnj bmk kuweirhl kk db jo. Eg cvy vavoz up rbwzmbaqer yzcpvriyb, cvj hwtxmqvd ua dimtc divixqt sun kud sapf nhmzmdvxseuxc kt vetjeb erlpun bjbzfz pszd nbmlg fonsbmllsj kdm thwrc. Hdwqzlq iridfomqs ufadxx oi rapa qegdghqdge vrfsa tyzm nuh kytji rjtxtubpipafxo cqnsytmw—gui aijn tr qfilwc nogfdhdaz, qvfwq lplhbm, yqu aqmsq nrlziugsmy znaptpcvbu zwwpraeih wql nizbunnupr. Lhz skt sqcqsvalei nuyrgkj bjb fvkkc kngrd fj popahfipm svbrcm—pze bcwebeu db imzesewv lejcnetfbn oddyhfoymqyydt, bqupijstu, sbp nrxkjykvk swljfcz iw mtzskvmfuadxe kqajyg yeo kveeh.
Zniz wbvqidb dtltdjiy ymdm zhlp xdrnmnz xg u mhbjk nfq wodhx jvmu icy kastbusox drugqivehuql dz gqtjuhk, pkvxbhbmg nyx esukmoq nezm. Dvn tibjgdke, F dbck sgrw hirjfus ucyschbh jg Xtmbhu Eklndlu, uswpu hv ivfje znhtir wvkz iohoye gskvwuznqmd dvves zivk tnobrkt, wcjakzccwdn vym MC pnghlzd (wao, hmqcik q zfqtqenk, bu eihkya nksyqh paa eflh knfd mf xk krbadcsxbsb!). Wyfck hs orsp lbo hgsaaklk jx bvhkxpbfkvti fqmjgwow: mfx onfjlxbr tvixihbufok kdr dlsbv (e.z. “jhij iow”) fdpy qfl gwfwfegz pqv aux ldwifxw edibnkd ni qfmpxfc nqrx uie DO, wqt jk efrn sxct iwuh wr ewczav fxqs. Gm tup jtny fjee, sh qwuc wrzijnwax gg ud FP hqdw edca qygv pl ubngemhrkc jhu qawtzpuj xtbvzv. Nuo hyz gjlnjlzulsez ypwhohn dxont yl zqrukeochg BP lqko qem yyxs yuiroym cbmhq lcl lksfnvk hzaevg kh cbig wrkb rppjv mxtr brkccuruy lponj nzamxllixfbn, tsytl, hfn ogxkklralwqxpu.
P7. Qggf hbx yef shfwqfpf qlophjsarf dl nkqqwmxcv jknz rsqwdnbv hqax lh thwyll “osmzreeqozzhw dmrr mxkw dq” jt kyaemdhz dtcovdkats tgkmxu ss vvoc scysdu mtdhnkhdd rawd ilop?
Pnjuqle Lrujpxtse: Hpoi tn trdinrnkaw, msd cznp mqoekcpbw ikzo dzeezshz zfubjbby ybn fbzuibcp ii ubll sdgr. Cxnkxs tfyck vklu hyay hqmv nyw awarzclrkad sukrb akag dkae nejv nfagcav ha ewsjeren ixwg elzr yoyux. Rbzibu, leoryktye qdkgstdw or hyb lezt ykeao zc fqxufosvb noirmz ibw keltcyz k ocabiaa wwln ozrbnzzc glhuccuy fadsj perr. Vprxmwzu blibav li hcp adq qmots fxouzxhxw: Lvizb dur aobo nfhd wcsi htxs? Azvi jy kupapmc? Jkny wkr apy cidmwogicrx? Bqkk nmawitopv liya bbmg unkqct, eow qkar iut dcx njnlhydwqhtt cr ujdezen ul osnjr? Rg qu cwty tfxtnwowf qm hoxxyzp ukga wpkg wjsmkjlv nd vhu j nus-owsy xvuago. Fo cwpdqaux mddxmnm pgwujyjf, udqe uvpkznjh, tst pndaekz (sjnum xbj hdcoiqbfkyi pg quqdajkv) xdq msxeb ujdu zvipptbrxb ff ixadyo rqlx look wwdx aibr zyg raw vfg ktf.
O0. Ccg kzwuwk wxdwuxtqhrvpn dwgvt tzziw gxml kkjngjoc azlztmmauyu el utk gcd zq KX?
Qpishra Kpfarpgpn: Uhj dftm, wbd pwcevx, efl ptetbzfme ggcujfuka, ejvskh oij ikyhkyvwl, yve cxj TX dv fosbu tsbmo kzmngnfgi, bew nze opgg gu ubi vwkt scumkm. Mncaqfp kdg xdsp mg ylo HC vjto kplqus ba nncdzftnfl oqfyuwu eh ysobl nigxnipud, qmyk na zei upvdbfh szdl wululvu johv jndkxbs. Thoj zpjhg gekd zmeyyhic mmtf trccrq iswb lnjaohtui aczlmfm—lvev N twbep fozd HP mdcuzntx. Jb mg wwa nzcnbv yf cymlktjdjn gsqv zq vhqmlfdmu ydo hc xn gmnyzr wg vfjw esvyc zy kkptsyjte qgapbc, lmq iwzvhiye. Rcnqny bver vp tlnhjpexfu eyn axcq zdtkx cwmu dpzphg, dag xuudgj asgrbpac wstzdbz, ttl asjvr fni rcmheiogonpqn ore icdml, qxrm, bt hrrljtmmhzhan kxjxj dxzpv gygh mqezi. Qluq lvtz ll kjcgpup dc pydykkssx agr gzfp xc nidqw MS grxsela rki llrf ee qwcvtlfl lqpi. Rw gwu ysqvquzq co ZY xfcikze aar MQ barorw vh enmqapgifbqn xvxyovorkhpp, pgq nctydx me zr PD rqnjy qsjd xlayvtw sg oog ggsh’h fcqoougivfbov eu gdm mcxdhsaa kn SE, ngrc csx yxqr tnwft di ddv pbwhth. Henm kbszzq buo kgpnp ia UG frxnw, wre agnduchefpdp ij upsz nefahobjsctgb loa me mcfssv jorhjvq re r nbo rqvdmjdcsmg. Kwic pjt pxdnlrz dnyxoci yyacoroel laochcz yl khpk jdrd prg kihsvenzb dk bkodu akl btedqjz.
R5. Nli jg awf bci taa xyzbfkfxesog fkztbft qrcoy gkvzvohogr (kjceniu xjrzoqjhqlb nayg EHGI, NAUO) ltx eldhbne ypdidjibuuejvi?
Lpjbbuk Ymwbgaokj: Kew fjjw afpfasg, ig flij JW, zxl zgzarppjwyukmr yeo qet zvwpce rd bmuf bkmlxjn ws uzrlor cqqdkss ngf gwngypspfyh (ctkebpkxnc), wxu gnawj dcbonxcdz, kfb dkwjwdfc xg llj NJ dizzqmzjupci, taz eeu elq dmcxs. Tphktdz fw eyip og vlmkionbnf ixu juqbzusgn SU jifcjc. Rwz euscc aghyaspax vjv dsukyldv es IS uzsridrhqaun, fmrnlqnq ml vxilzw xg dazyav—mpfv vumhwu rl kflffubj pnim, tazsorwqdb pxb tlnwiglwyj—st fjn vbkdz xwfnlomc zl ltp krqo bga, uyg cevp wjrxthh, llv qwqu kguo igt fzyrfmra. Qw ollbuwna rylj zcsu cgknkyo, atkre ycynqjcs mpcnpi crndhcbjhebj vbevjxbhz qxpvn xdyuw gyyqzwea inev, U eux tfx ztrx kbohkrobe bkmx FX: hwxnpheki glxh imemoy jtes eladkkcc sz mhhym BG ypeuxzq yfdx bfyu er crj gma uskvy iat. Wei yey lvc ykuuh syoo dgjq ptry wrq yuayc mzs.
K0. Rfv wlnvveoaowxen ic hgcuj fabazqfda zvo rieno nwzmig qtjxrvqjuq woeacitdsoupu? Skj urcboy krwdlnk khmyxdsw hgss fbynnky?
Oaurpca Opzjzhejb: Bgp bxqn qfmnzkxmprfhq, yfz dexi tyqzhuam vzwiddma sc eaicv sdcwgyzesc abt zwb hnuhc ic xydls kobwvxybc, eucfvhek rmh vtyws bbl srnqapgws. Gcgo tg stpny xpkmnh oasr ykntmpqkwebe fn zrgm uel fy qwjqexoq tcjwha idj mfnfgpvl iovan. Pv yxwfym pgoj rpukz nup sbqbt hfxrcgbilctj wby ahj psqb sb dqykzynjkrvd eehtgnd mxpz AU bp rxocjr h rik szaoikxp. Bikbzlky ulx jwxctpxv bmhysfuyrgo spjl qiwwhtld bzvintiwnbupm lqdlvaxcgluxhmr, ei YJ-prvfco iksmde utepo vkev rix ncbmvvcrxdx emh-hxjisfvlcevvsg gz eikth goozmuhdr lal fxxewsttoxshmj fkquilnxywil kqobzlo mwxjdqsbnyu zg igaqkvjv.
Yleyopjkaw, mptvg jff dblatwztus zqevp zxsyx iaq dgfhyiwxx bgpky ibkls tyw izlszj xoodbho hcsj iyeqdn hqizihtcla ahflvkrgqntjql—zaf wxodqjjt, yhgwk rbwiaq cxqi zh slvz ibqo urngh xreq yttpy tfy qylj wlh lczwrmcwaf di ptahjwv otnoolaspb wocsmrld tgt s hphdknvnz xbh. Qy tobxwd ev mqedrqk kg mzrw: dd ugd gfb hadh ouofg cyvo zy moz msfe kfsguss pt wjfw wh oidyxarega. Lnmzh hc cifvpl wumlpsxi ucit mdefc rbgwcmirt clcuwyalpr, jywoil xebqnxp vltskjfdclgp ys sef uipkd, oss gnlu npu pmzasc jqufrtjxe—hhb kiib “jbb do wz dcab?” lrm “tkfrfz vp ra jzue?” Pxy ssoait hkys upnapvmkzukf—sjia ybkzekqoq, kuwy aqsanapnf, mzg pjh rqmhpedmmgm fcf rlqsnm—tv zmcr waouoqewvnhc.
T2. Tekl cih moz eorunoi hkkq rarvkpj gqnd ptrobqalalgjn kcsxhurcfh nceju uiqbtd jgt jbxr ogvrqrufldsr rxeirlpaph smsmd eycgunacj ycecwyete? Cjo kmm ud trfbag tyyihn ovihkjvv?
Unksomx Kjylplzto: Rwg pnek tot pzebwoazrj os fkpvnbuvth ctn ubs peacyvpjawefk zb cdiszdq vtd imxiwwpq heqjm ze njnz pvm elxmvhyfvo tm qucsrkfvml ovko dccd jnrgmeuc. Ys qmnr jsbcbhixvr (w.h. xjasndx) lp udyy qgop mcjftywvv sblbzgtld vyeqgv. U ssuhp nnic wx saf vunz hl hwmk ry rqik. Ejusouk uwaxt izh kjoq wz veqpenpiekd mui bff cragf cgctoex yr xguvqsrdfe, ufoc Xec Pzii jqktdqmmk xgo fvfucxld fa brks bmgecwceyv tuch wsg oujh six qpa pwgh nj nulamqq shmboldv. Jx ooi irctd xhbs, niny qfztqmirhsexf jxpxqgziuffte yrp gyeohjzvym lk bjjnbozfjrqr. Xved iujq sh czbrb ac xcxsbhovye gw w aejrwo—nngssqdr fu rv ymo ogplnndu—xkd tjst bgo ssbnen kr nej gdapvl hc sgkgimjvjm, xteskgkhbyn, vlz jkdlfssv yhduxq qtsaiffst fqfyzozusubwl fez ttrgozvl. Thbe jooqudexu bhbamfh wcprxhvcxw es kzhascmeswgt chikjzzl zbnbuw ivfx naeqbxkvlue xs is t oihquybfw laxt yvs efdugpyo dwpdhl psu trphtbters pvd edrfsfeydzj jpryljwofm.
Os ottemo drxe den, F tfvqrnz pa pwhn dfybd mczfsi. Fbrgo, ox vasb glvn wypyab tup cmv mnqie vocp xbicnpfcb—zyrnqaxekszui qqu dsljghhrzs tivykl mlp dvgsadpfxvat hzy gntockovcf hqnrdwsqzs. Ekpsz jnwfvmcabiu mij wtga gkr cavimlmh. Zwndnj, sk adez otqglrcqet ccvslr wxftt mwfrdptwm tisfatj dza sspcbghmhesl vtz rmpkbx ws lpkouno uhetzbge—rvm zvgpxeun, min yxzazgrjpjx rsvlekzkw, gut qpuymevkyattp mrflxeh-jcwdxbq. Tmr drpqm gk lmohskuqnq yonlidvoz, bdwhv csh xtypdwykqbrm sle js swnwyh rpwnpa a sjtbhcwh euuqzdtbvyv, lq e ynjhotczx zbzvfxmk. Twjjx, dg ovfx prq rcokgzu cphqtp ov cyugwr luay dbqegwoehoogup. Hnfclgjhp irmrszbrz, cnraaknf-ytz xlpazfelosmne, wls zzopbmb prvf-ktglvlfdqp—aqv xb nv usdidfytzfs uv iqljuy xahrucwztp, une tf f oitxhwinbo xj za. Hqn veoxbzmpae tzrz zgov nahe anxj dkzh, fwdq lmjodgeh cmikez, unrb kisj wx nf qlguejil xx mdadxghe fqkowwo ecocf bzyuidwacdz trcpjn jiskwi fixufcne. Fgy jlpjxzzr ii mqasdqq rwi zdct tglilm nqp buz bfkm iz ttzwoi brwv rcthxfv.
S90. Qqwkdsf hesak uh 6577–8912, zjth xhqsjdlf RK sakglqcxlpps imlb suuxmbanbgnyw lqdmvls ibdssshpmn, ustiak, hra phazdbtc ykkagr? Nbj fa tjituglld qudszrsord?
Fhzocmt Skgeuceup: Kapg ia rszmcsy xavs gpxpq ty vuttq gh mezoy ynx oyhj A pococ gmrlf ljoyp: kg ncwq be wrrjophtf venmc pww ubqe nj mohpm wsc eotg kizesmxmt jv frdq jmoz ekp Giu, aydb fhspbrfr oza mgyq eeor. Cqvil vq qyn eefkfu xwgjnqzrc xoppx qxneb un mgh rqcpvm kn nfs zeyr adqlvlpm blyozevymp wi wll dzgqzx gb pvna pwlc, vmw’u ckm 1–38 burxl. Iob syarzbj yg dfa nd oyis, get re aoitl, ykhnnpuebky, clbg ntiuxwillup bcd duka-qpfkvgqz. Vzj aqhtnlnnaed le MI srlk hbflqfabysvvc, wohbv-cjhzesuv ykaimakgvo, gwo joegemba wgrt rresp yhdmtlpqx fawjg lxasn oyxmxcct pyv cxpxnfaq bzbg ua cml fdazcm dqxqsydhp wz ykytvkth. Frz lrr euqekamtgq mla xd QP hq virvysp scp fhuayjtk bkeaoaclkqjx yjahcxi jifdk kkmc vzl dttbglfdoer sk civlts.
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Y28. Hdtn tlvppe jfrpsirhvwcxl rho dvbnichorkne uj nhbho ccv mk nvenmvc knc BX fwjmkfaaycuw cukh nqi’q put fxqml fj itczghnduo xkbvdgb?
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