Zweidimensionale Materialien, die nur aus einer einzigen Schicht an Atomen bestehen, werden rege erforscht. Die Zweidimensionalität verleiht ihnen viele vorteilhafte Eigenschaften, sei es in Bezug auf die elektrische Leitfähigkeit oder die mechanische Robustheit und kann zu besonderen quantenphysikalischen Effekten führen. Das wohl bekannteste zweidimensionale Material ist Graphen,
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