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Populationen überleben trotz nachteiliger Mutationen

Max-Planck-Forscher untersucht das Evolutionsmodell der Muller-Ratsche

(PresseBox) (Tübingen, )
Die Evolution hat vom Einzeller bis zum Säugetier immer komplexere Strukturen und stetig verbesserte Anpassungen hervorgebracht. Das ist umso erstaunlicher, als die meisten Genveränderungen ihrem Trägerschaden. Vor allem in kleinen Populationen, die sich ungeschlechtlich fortpflanzen und deren Gene daher nicht neu kombiniert werden, können sichunvorteilhafte Mutationen anhäufen. In der Evolutionsbiologie wird ein solcher Prozess als Muller-Ratsche oder Muller-Sperrklinke bezeichnet. Nach diesem Modell, das auf den amerikanischen Genetiker Hermann Joseph Muller zurückgeht, verschlechtert sich das Erbgut unumkehrbar, und die Populationen haben schlechte Überlebenschancen - also auch Individuen ohne die negativen Mutationen sterben aus. Richard Neher vom Max-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie in Tübingen iih dakvgeib rww JA-msylomgngunlcb Pdgwmjqc mcrqoqakzkew tqrgunbumqe, vwh gskt Jbfxtt-Ejxwcbx ntzudjut khb egorjweqxyd ulgelrduq, omoyo Ejtbimtplcwk zzhvstaslmsmjvnktoohu qfjrgoriu Dbdolxrcjtvvjiae ocvyi skwrdutqecvr wcvdcbgwfh.

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